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Right here’s a clear comparability of SAST, DAST, and SCA — the three core software safety testing varieties in DevSecOps:
🔐 SAST (Static Software Safety Testing)
| Characteristic | Particulars |
|---|---|
| 🔍 What it’s | Analyzes supply code or bytecode for vulnerabilities with out executing it |
| 🛠️ When it runs | Early in growth (pre-build, pre-deploy) |
| 🔧 The way it works | Scans code repositories, appears for recognized patterns and insecure coding practices |
| ⚠️ Finds points like | SQL injection, XSS, hardcoded secrets and techniques, insecure capabilities |
| ✅ Execs | Early suggestions, quick scans, language-aware, shift-left safety |
| ❌ Cons | False positives, lacks runtime context |
| 🧰 Instruments | GitLab SAST, SonarQube, Checkmarx, Fortify, CodeQL |
🌐 DAST (Dynamic Software Safety Testing)
| Characteristic | Particulars |
|---|---|
| 🔍 What it’s | Scans a working software by simulating exterior assaults |
| 🛠️ When it runs | After deployment (in staging or take a look at environments) |
| 🔧 The way it works | Sends requests to net endpoints and analyzes responses |
| ⚠️ Finds points like | Damaged auth, uncovered APIs, lacking headers, server misconfigurations |
| ✅ Execs | Actual-world simulation, no supply code wanted |
| ❌ Cons | Slower, can miss hidden paths, wants take a look at setting |
| 🧰 Instruments | GitLab DAST, OWASP ZAP, Burp Suite, AppSpider |
📦 SCA (Software program Composition Evaluation)
| Characteristic | Particulars |
|---|---|
| 🔍 What it’s | Analyzes open-source libraries and dependencies for recognized vulnerabilities |
| 🛠️ When it runs | Throughout dependency decision or in CI pipelines |
| 🔧 The way it works | Checks variations in bundle.json, pom.xml, and many others., in opposition to CVE databases |
| ⚠️ Finds points like | Recognized CVEs in open-source packages, license dangers |
| ✅ Execs | Simple to combine, actual CVE information, license checks |
| ❌ Cons | Doesn’t scan your code, solely Third-party dependencies |
| 🧰 Instruments | GitLab Dependency Scanning, Snyk, WhiteSource, OWASP Dependency-Test |
🧠 TL;DR — Abstract
| Metric | SAST | DAST | SCA |
|---|---|---|---|
| Code entry | Required (supply/static) | Not required | Required (dependencies solely) |
| App state | Supply code | Operating app | Dependency checklist |
| Vulnerability | Code-level bugs | Runtime/net points | Open-source CVEs |
| Finest time | Early in CI | After deployment | Any time in CI |
| GitLab Instrument | GitLab SAST | GitLab DAST | GitLab Dependency Scanning |
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